Publications 2013-2019

Accepted Referred Journals

  • Zanoni, M.A.B., J.L. Torero and J.I. Gerhard (2019). Delineating and explaining the limites of self-sustained smouldering combusion. Combustion and Flame, 201:79-82.

  • Zanoni, M.A.B., J.L. Torero and J.I. Gerhard (2018). Determining the conditions that lead to self-sustained smouldering combustion by means of numerical modelling.  Proceedings of The Combustion Institute, 37(3):4043-4051.

  • Zanoni, M.A.B., J.L. Torero and J.I. Gerhard (2018). The role of local thermal non-equilibrium in modelling smouldering combustion of organic liquids.  Proceedings of The Combustion Institute, 37(3):3109-3117.

  • Torero, J.L., J.I. Gerhard, L.L. Kinsman and L. Yerman (2018). Chapter 12:  Soil remediation by underground fires.  In Undeground Coal Gasification and Combustion, M.S. Blinderman and A.Y. Klimenko Editors, Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy, 601-625.

  • Chowdhury, A.I.A., J.I. Gerhard, D. Reynolds and D.M. O'Carroll (2017). Low permeability zone remediation via oxidant delivered by electrokinetics and activated by electrical resistance heating: Proof of concept. Environmental Science and Technology, 51(22):13295-13303.

  • Zanoni, M.A.B., J.L.Torero and J.I.Gehard (2017). Determination of the interfacial heat transfer coefficient between forced air and sand at Reynold's numbers relevant to smouldering combustion. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 114:90-104.

  • Ebrahimzadeh, M., P. Tsourlos and J.I. Gerhard (2017). Self-potential for monitoring soil remediation by smoldering: A proof of concept. Near Surface Geophysics, 15(5):475-485.

  • Chowdhury, A.I.A., J.I. Gerhard, D. Reynolds and D.M. O'Carroll (2017). Electrokinetics-enhanced permanganate delivery and remediation of contaminated low permeability porous media. Water Research, 113:215-222.

  • Kinsman, L., J.I. Gerhard and J.L. Torero (2016). Smoldering remediation and non-aquesous phase liquid mobility. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 325:101-112.

  • Fabris, I., D. Cormier, J.I. Gerhard, T. Bartczak, M. Kortschot, J.L. Torero and Y.L. Cheng (2016). Continuous self-sustaining smouldering destruction of simulated faeces. Fuel, 190:58-66.

  • Yermán, L., D. Cormier, I. Fabris, J. Carrascal, J.L. Torero, J.I. Gerhard and Y.L. Cheng (2016). Potential bio-oil production from souldering. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 8(2):1-10.

  • Molnar, I.L., P.C. Sanematsu, J.I. Gerhard, C.S. Willson and D.M. O'Carroll (2016). Quantified pore-scale nanoparticle transport in porous media and the implications for colloid filtration theory. Langmuir, 32(31):7841-7853.

  • Rashwan, T.L., J.I. Gerhard and G. Grant (2016). Application of self-sustaining smouldering combustion for the destruction of wastewater biosolids. Waste Management, 50:201-212.

  • Yermán, L., H. Wall, J. Torero, J.I. Gerhard and Y-L Cheng (2016). Smouldering combustion as a treatment technology for faeces: sensitivity to key parameters. Combustion Science and Technology, 188(6):968-981.

  • Mumford, K., N. Mustafa and J.I. Gerhard (2016). Probabilistic risk assessment of contaminant transport in groundwater and vapour intrusion following remediation of a contaminant source. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 30:1017-1031.

  • Scholes, G., J.I. Gerhard, G.P. Grant, D.W. Major and J.E. Vidumsky (2015). Smoldering remediation of coal tar contaminated soil: Pilot field tests of STAR. Environmental Science and Technology, 49(24):14334-14342.

  • Molnar, I.L., W.P. Johnson, J.I. Gerhard, C.S. Willson and D.M. O'Carroll (2015).  Predicting colloid transport through saturated porous media: A critical review. Water Resources Research, 51(9):6804-6845.

  • Molnar, I.L., J.I. Gerhard, C. Willson and D.M O'Carroll (2015). The impact of immobile zones on the transport and retention of nanoparticles in porous media. Water Resources Research, 51(11):8973-8994.

  • Hasan, T., J.I. Gerhard, R. Hadden and G. Rein (2015). Self-sustaining smouldering combustion of coal tar for the remediation of contaminated sand: Two-Dimensional Experiments and Computational Simulations. Fuel, 150:288-297.

  • Salman, M., J.I. Gerhard, D.W. Major, P. Pironi, and R.M. Hadden (2015). Remediation of trichloroethylene-contaminated soils by STAR technology using vegetable oil smoldering. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 285:346-355.

  • Yermán, L., R.M. Hadden, J. Carrascal, I. Fabris, D. Cormier, J.L. Torero, J.I. Gerhard, M. Krajcovic, P. Pironi and Y.L. Cheng (2015). Smouldering combustion as a treatment technology for faeces: exploring the parameter space. Fuel, 147:108-116.

  • Power, C., J.I. Gerhard, P. Tsourlos, P. Soupios, K. Simyrdanis and M. Karaoulis (2014). Improved time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography monitoring of dense non-aqueous phase liquids with surface-to-horizontal borehole arrays, Journal of Applied Geophysics, 112:1-13.

  • Power, C., J.I. Gerhard, M. Karaoulis, P. Tsourlos and A. Giannopoulos (2014). Evaluating four-dimensional time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography for monitoring DNAPL source zone remediation. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 162-163:27-46.

  • Switzer, C., P. Pironi, J.I. Gerhard, G. Rein, and J.L. Torero (2014). Volumetric scale-up of smouldering remediation of contaminated soils. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 268:51-60.

  • Molnar, I., C.S. Willson, D.M. O'Carroll, M. Rivers and J.I. Gerhard (2014). A Method for Obtaining Silver Nanoparticle Concentrations Within Porous Media via Synchrotron X-Ray Microtomography. Environmental Science and Technology, 48:1114-1122.

  • Mustafa, N., K. Mumford, J.I. Gerhard and D.M. O’Carroll (2014). A three-dimensional numerical model for linking community-wide risks.  Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 156:38-51.

  • Power, C., Gerhard, J.I., Tsourlos, P. and A. Giannopoulos (2013). A new coupled model for simulating the mapping of dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Geophysics; 78(4):EN1-EN15.

  • Drake, S.S., D.M. O’Carroll and J.I. Gerhard (2013). Wettability contrasts between fresh and weathered diesel fuels. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 144:46-57.

Chapters in Books

  • Gerhard, J.I. (2016). Smouldering remediation. Online Textbook "Remediapedia." Authored exclusively by invited experts, peer-reviewed and supported by US Government SERDP and ESTCP programs.

  • Gerhard, J.I., B.H. Kueper and B.E. Sleep (2014). Chapter 5: Modelling Source Zone Remediation, pp. 113-140. In Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation”, Eds. B.H. Kueper, H.F. Stroo, and C.H. Ward.  SERDP and ESTCP Remediation Technology Monograph Series, Springer, New York, 713 p.

  • Kueper, B.H. and J.I. Gerhard (2014).  Chapter 8: Hydraulic Displacement of Dense, Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids, pp. 219 - 250.  In Chapter in “Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation”, Eds. B.H. Kueper, H.F. Stroo and C.H. Ward.  SERDP and ESTCP Remediation Technology Monograph Series, Springer, New York, 713 p.

Papers in Referred Conference Proceedings

  • Yermán, L., H. Wall, J.L. Torero, J.I. Gerhard, I. Fabris, D. Cormier, Y.L. Cheng (2015).  Self-sustaining smouldering combustion of faeces as treatment and disinfection method.  Paper no. 3134733, APCChE 2015 Congress, Melbourne, Australia, September.

Conference Papers Accepted on Abstract Submission

  • Zanoni, M.A.B., J.I. Gerhard and J.L. Torero (2016). Experimental measurements of the volumetric heat transfer coeeficient between forced air and sand at Reynold's numbers relevant to smouldering combusion. 3rd International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer, Ottawa, Canada, May.

  • Wall, H.L., L. Yermán, J.L. Torero, J.I. Gerhard, I. Fabris, D. Cormier and Y.L. Cheng (2015). Investigation on self-sustaining smouldering of faeces: Key parameters and scaling effects. Paper 10, SENG National Conference, Adelaide, Australia, September.

  • Rashwan, T.L., J.I. Gerhard and G. Grant (2015). Self-sustaining smoldering as an energy efficient alternative for managing biosolids.  Paper published in 9th U. S. National Combustion Meeting, Cincinnati, Ohio, May.

Published Abstracts and Papers at Professional Meetings

  • Gerhard, J.I., M. Zanoni and J.L. Torero (2017). Smouldering (thermal) remediation of soil contaminated with industrial organic liquids: Novel insights into heat trasnfer and kinetics undovered by integrating experiments and modelling. Abstract H22E-07. Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Unions, New Orleans, CA, December.

  • Inglis, A.M., N.A. Head, A.I. Chowdhury, A.N. Garcia, J.I. Gerhard, D.A. Reynolds, D. Hogberg, E.A. Edwards, L. Lomheim, M. Auger, L.M. Austrins, J. Hayman, A. Sidebottom, J. Eimers and D.M. O'Carroll (2017). Electrokinetically emplaced amendments for enhanced bioremediation of chlorinated solvents in clay: a pilot field test. Abstract H11F-1252. Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, New Orleans, CA, December.

  • Head, N.A., A.M. Inglish, A.I. Chowdhury, A.N. Garcia, J.I. Gerhard, D.A. Reynolds, D. Hogberg, E.A. Edwards, L. Lomheim, M. Auger, L.M. Austrins, J. Hayman, A. Sidebottom, J. Eimers and D.M. O'Carroll (2017). Pilot field test of electrokinetically-delivered and thermally activated persulfate (EKTAP) for remediation of chlorinated solvents in clay. Abstract H22E-06. Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, New Orleas, CA, December.

  • Power, C., P. Tsourlos, J.I. Gerhard and T. Dahlin (2017).  Simulated time-lapse DC-IP monitoring of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs): An initial approach. Near Surface Geoscience, Malmo, Sweden, September.

  • Trento, L.M., P. Tsourlos, J.I. Gerhard, M. McMaster and A. Sims (2017).  Geophysics tomography for time-lapse mapping of in-situ Self-sustaining Treatment for Active Remediation (STAR).  Near Surface Geoscience, Malmo, Sweden, September.

  • Durant, N., D. Major, E. Cox, J. Wang, S. Dworatzek, E. Edwards, G. Grant, J.I. Gerhard, D. O’Carroll and D. Gent (2017).  From bench experiments to full scale application: development of three commercially successful technologies for reducing the time and cost for remediating contaminated industrial sites, 254th ACS National Meeting & Exposition, ENVR 326, Washington, DC, August.

  • Major, D., T. Rashwan, J.I. Gerhard and G. Grant (2017).  Application of self-sustaining smouldering combustion for the destruction of wastewater biosolids.  AquaConSoil, Lyon, FR, June.

  • Gerhard, J.I., M. Salman, G. Overbeeke, G. Grant, D. Major and G. Scholes (2017).  In-situ smoldering combustion (STAR) for the treatment of contaminated soils: The role of research in supporting field applications of the technology.  International In-Situ Thermal Treatment (I2T2) Symposium, Banff, AB, May.

  • Zanoni, M., J.L. Torero, J.I. Gerhard (2017).  Smouldering combustion as an emerging technology for contaminated site clean-up: Computational simulations.  10th US National Combustion Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May. 

  • Gabayet, J., G. Scholes, R. Solinger and J.I. Gerhard (2017).  Pilot testing and design modelling of STARx for treatment of sludge.  12th Hydrocarbon Summit, Waterloo, ON, April.

  • Head, A.,  A.M. Inglis, A.I. Chowdhury, A.N. Garcia, J.I. Gerhard, D.A. Reynolds, D. Hogberg, E A. Edwards, L. Lomheim, M. Auger, L.M. Austrins, J. Hayman, A. Sidebottom, J. Eimers and D. M. O’Carroll (2017). Pilot field test of electrokinetically-delivered and thermally activated ersulfate (EKTAP) for remediation of chlorinated solvents in clay. Abstract H22E-06. Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, New Orleans, CA, December. 

  • Power, C., J.I. Gerhard, P. Tsourlos, P. Soupios, K. Simyrdanis and M. Karaoulis (2015). Geoelectrical monitoring of dense non-aqueous phase liquids with surface-to-horizontal borehole ERT. Geoelectrical Monitoring Conference, Vienna, November.

  • Brown, J., J.I. Gerhard, G. Grant and G. Scholes (2015). In-situ remediation of coal tar by STAR: Self-sustaining propagation across clean sand gaps. International Association of Hydrogeologists Conference, Waterloo, ON, October. 

  • Solinger, R., J.I. Gerhard, G. Grant and G.Scholes (2015). Two-dimensional numerical modelling of STAR to optimize smouldering combustion for NAPL remediation. International Association of Hydrogeologists Conference, Waterloo, ON, October.

  • Zanoni, M., J.I. Gerhard and J. Torero (2015). Smouldering combustion of NAPLs in soil: Advancing process understanding in the context of STAR remediation. International Association of Hydrogeologists Conference, Waterloo, ON, October.

  • Overbeeke, G., J.I. Gerhard, E. Edwards and L. Lomheim (2015). Microbial subsurface repopulation following in situ STAR remediation. International Association of Hydrogeologists Conference, Waterloo, ON, October.

  • Rashwan, T.L., J.I. Gerhard and G. Grant (2015). Self-sustaining smoldering as an energy efficient alternative for managing biosolids, 9th U. S. National Combustion Meeting, Cincinnati, Ohio, May.

  • Cheng, Y.L., M.T. Kortschot, J.I. Gerhard, J.L. Torero, R. Saini, A.X. Fernandes, Z. Fishman, T. Bartczak, D. Liao, I. Fabris, D. Cormier, J.C. Tirrado and L. Yermán (2015). A household sanitation process based on integrated diversion/dewatering, drying/smoldering of solid waste, and pasteurization of liquid waste, Third International Fecal Sludge Management Conference, Hanoi, Viet Nam, January.

  • Gerhard, J.I., C. Power, P. Tsourlos, M. Karaoulis, A. Giannopoulos, P. Soupios and K. Simyrdanis (2014). Mapping Contaminant Remediation with Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Abstract H51M-0788. Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, CA, Dec.

  • Molnar, I.L., D.M. O’Carroll, J.I. Gerhard and CS. Willson (2014). From pore to core: Do engineered nanoparticles violate upscaling assumptions? A Microtomographic Investigation, Abstract H53A-0837. Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, CA, December.

  • Power, C., J.I. Gerhard, P. Tsourlos, M. Karaoulis, A. Giannopoulos, P. Soupios and K. Simyrdanis (2014). Improved time-lapse ERT monitoring of dense non-aqueous phase Liquids (DNPLs) with surface-to-horizontal borehole arrays. 20th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, Athens, Greece, September.

  • Gerhard, J.I, B.H. Kueper and B.Sleep (2014). Modelling chlorinated solvent source zone remediation. Ninth International Conference Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, California, May.

  • Gerhard, J.I., M. Salman, P. Pironi, R. Hadden, D.W. Major and G.P. Grant (2014). Remediation of VOC-contaminated soils by STAR technology using vegetable oil smoldering. Ninth International Conference Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, California, May.

  • Kinsman, L., J.I. Gerhard, J.L. Torero, G. Scholes and C. Murray (2013). Upscaling self-sustaining treatment for active remediation (STAR): Experimental study of scaling relationships for smouldering combustion to remediate soil.  Abstract H41H-1351, Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, CA, December.

  • Molnar, I.L., D.M. O'Carroll, C.S. Willson and J.I. Gerhard (2013).  The influence of pore network geometry on silver nanoparticle transport through soil.  Abstract H33C-1368, Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, CA, December.

  • Hasan, T., J.I. Gerhard, R. Hadden, P. Pironi and G. Rein (2013).  Smouldering combustion for soil remediation: Two-dimensional experiments and modelling.  Abstract H41H-1352, Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, CA, December.

  • Drake, S.S., D.M. O’Carroll and J.I. Gerhard (2013). Hydraulic property alterations due to wettability induced changes by diesel fuels. General Assembly, European Geosciences Union, Vienna, April.

  • Grant, G., G. Scholes, D. Major, J.I. Gerhard, P. Pironi, J. Torero and C. Switzer (2013).  Self-sustaining treatment for active remediation (STAR): Lessons learned and scale up from the laboratory to the field. Platform Presentation, AquaConSoil 2013: 12th International Conference on Groundwater Soil Systems and Water Resource Management, Barcelona, Spain, April.

  • Grant, G.P., D. Major, J.I. Gerhard and J.L. Torero (2013). Self-sustaining treatment for active remediation (STAR): Ex situ applications to treat contaminated soils. Waste Oils and Lagoon Sludges, Remediation Technology (Remtec) Summit, Denver, Colorado, March.